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Candida halmiae sp. nov., Geotrichum ghanense sp. nov. and Candida awuaii sp. nov., novel yeast species isolated from Ghanaian cocoa fermentations

University of Copenhagen

¹ E-mail: dn{at}life.ku.dk

During an investigation of the microbiology of Ghanaian cocoa fermentations a number of yeast isolates with unusual pheno- and genotypic properties representing three putatively novel species were isolated. Group A divided by multilateral budding and ascospores were not produced. Group B produced true hyphae and ascospores were not produced. Group C divided by budding, formed chains and star-like aggregates. Ascospores were not produced. Sequence analysis of the 26S rRNA gene (D1/D2-region, similarity in brackets) revealed that the isolates were phylogenetically closest related to: Group A; Saturnispora mendoncae (92.4 %), Saturnispora besseyi (88.8 %), Saturnispora saitoi (88.8%) and Saturnispora ahearnii (88.3 %). Group B; the genera Dipodascus, Galactomyces and the asporogenous Geotrichum but in all cases with 26S rRNA gene (D1/D2-region) similarities below 87 %. Group C; Candida rugopelliculosa (92.4 %), Pichia occidentalis (91.6 %) and Pichia exigua (91.9 %). The very low similarities obtained for all 3 putatively novel species clearly indicated that the isolates represent novel species. Repetitive Palindromic PCR (Rep-PCR) of the isolates and their closest phylogenetic relatives confirmed that the isolates belong to previously undescribed species. In conclusion, based on the genetic and phenotypic results the isolates were considered to represent 3 novel species, for which the names Candida halmiae (group A, type strain G3T = CBS 11009T = CCUG 56721T); Geotrichum ghanense (group B, type strain G6T = CBS 11010T = CCUG 56722T) and Candida awuaii (group C, type strain G15T = CBS 11011T = CCUG 56723T) are proposed.